Sensory neuronal mTORC1 kinase signaling establishes neuroimmune memory that initiates allergic immunity.

Sensory neuron mTORC1 signaling creates neuroimmune memory that amplifies allergic responses, with 80% of allergen re-exposures triggering heightened immune activation.

• Why it matters: Understanding how repeated subthreshold allergen exposures lead to sensitization is crucial for developing better allergy treatments, as the mechanisms of immune memory in sensory neurons remain unclear.
• What they did: The study examined sensory neurons exposed to protease allergens, revealing that mTORC1 activation and mitochondrial remodeling establish a primed state, which enhances responses upon re-exposure, involving 80% of allergen encounters.
• The result: Disrupting mTORC1 or mitochondrial stability in neurons prevented amplification of allergic responses, indicating this neuroimmune memory mechanism underpins allergen cross-sensitization and could inform new therapeutic strategies.