Urine detection of Histoplasma antigens among symptomatic people living with HIV (PLWH) in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil: A comparative study of EIA and lateral flow assay.

Urinary Histoplasma antigen detection identified 23.1% of symptomatic PLWH with suspected disseminated histoplasmosis, with high agreement between EIA and LFA methods.

• Why it matters: Early diagnosis of histoplasmosis is critical for reducing mortality in people with advanced HIV, but current methods lack sensitivity, especially in resource-limited settings.
• What they did: A cross-sectional study tested urine samples from 78 symptomatic PLWH using both enzyme immunoassay and lateral flow assay, assessing agreement and prevalence of antigen positivity.
• The result: Findings reveal a significant burden of disseminated histoplasmosis and demonstrate that rapid antigen tests are reliable, supporting their use for early diagnosis and improved patient outcomes.