Plant-driven microbiome reorganization sustains multifunctionality of iron-biochar constructed wetlands under chronic PFOA exposure.

Plant (Iris pseudacorus) enhances nitrogen and phosphorus removal, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and stabilizes microbial communities in iron-biochar constructed wetlands under PFOA exposure.

• Why it matters: Understanding how plants influence treatment stability and ecological functions in contaminated wetlands is crucial for improving long-term environmental remediation strategies.
• What they did: The study compared planted and unplanted systems, analyzing enzyme activities, microbial diversity, gene regulation, and greenhouse gas emissions across multiple layers and periods, involving 12.54% higher nitrogen removal on average.
• The result: Plant-driven microbiome reorganization improves wetland multifunctionality, reduces GHG emissions, and enhances microbial diversity, supporting the integration of Iris pseudacorus for more stable and effective treatment systems.