Improved rice yield and macronutrient uptake through the optimization of organic fertilizer rates in the rice-crayfish co-culture system.

Applying 2500 kg ha-1 of organic fertilizer in rice-crayfish co-culture maximizes rice yield by 56.5% and improves nutrient uptake and root traits.

• Why it matters: Optimizing organic fertilizer rates is crucial for balancing ecological sustainability and economic productivity in integrated rice-fish systems, yet the ideal amount remains uncertain.
• What they did: Researchers tested five organic fertilizer levels over two years, measuring yield, soil nutrients, plant nutrient accumulation, and root characteristics to determine the best rate.
• The result: The study identified 2500 kg ha-1 as the optimal fertilizer amount, boosting yield and nutrient efficiency while preventing excessive nutrient buildup, guiding sustainable fertilization practices.