mGem: Innate immune sensing of HIV-1 transcription in myeloid cells-a tale of two transcription start sites.

Persistent HIV-1 transcription in myeloid cells during ART is linked to chronic immune activation and inflammation in people with HIV.

• Why it matters: Understanding how HIV-1 transcription persists in long-lived myeloid cells is crucial because it may explain ongoing inflammation and comorbidities despite ART.
• What they did: The review discusses recent findings on viral nucleic acid sensing in HIV-infected myeloid cells, focusing on mechanisms of persistent transcription and immune responses.
• The result: Insights into these sensing events may reveal targets for reducing inflammation and improving health outcomes in PWH on suppressive ART.