Beyond gene editing: the age of chromosome-scale genome engineering.

Chromosome-scale genome engineering is advancing, enabling manipulation of entire chromosomes to better understand and address complex biological functions and diseases.

• Why it matters: Many critical biological processes and disease mechanisms are influenced by large-scale chromosomal features, which are difficult to study with traditional gene editing methods.
• What they did: The authors review tools such as chromosome transfer, targeted elimination, and integration into transplantation workflows, supported by large DNA assembly and synthetic biology techniques.
• The result: These developments make chromosome-scale genome engineering more feasible, opening new avenues for genome understanding, construction, and repair, despite existing technical challenges.